Journal: Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

Article Title: A review of the medical treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis in the 21st century

doi: 10.1177/2040622315605821

Figure Lengend Snippet: Currently registered therapeutic trials in PSC.

Article Snippet: Dose increased to 750 mg 3 times per day for the second month and 1000 mg 3 times per day for the third month if bloods not normalized ALT, ALP MRCI/MRCP Liver histology Obeticholic acid (OCA) NCT02177136 Shapiro, D, Intercept Pharmaceuticals November 2014 November 2018 II Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, dose finding 1.5 mg OCA, 5 mg OCA, or placebo for 12 weeks, followed by titration for further 12 weeks; 1.5 mg OCA treatment group then titrate to 3 mg, the 5 mg OCA treatment group then titrate to 10 mg OCA, placebo group remain on placebo ALP Nor-ursodeoxycholic acid NCT01755507 Trauna M, Med.

Techniques: Titration, Injection

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Repositioning of a novel GABA-B receptor agonist, AZD3355 (Lesogaberan), for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-99008-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reduced tumor development by AZD3355 treatment in murine NASH. Reduced tumor development in male and female mice was evident in AZD3355-treated mice compared to NASH mice treated with either vehicle or obeticholic acid (OCA) (30 mg/kg). As expected, tumor numbers at 24 weeks were greater in males than females in NASH mice treated with vehicle (100% in male and 50% in female), but both were reduced by AZD3355 treatment ( A ). Dose dependent reduction of total number of HCC per mouse by AZD3355 treatment was established ( B ). Vehicle: n = 9 males, 8 females; AZD3355 (10 mg/kg): n = 9 males, 8 females; AZD3355 (30 mg/kg): n = 9 males, 8 females; OCA (30 mg/kg): n = 9 males, 8 female animals. Results were expressed as means ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Obeticholic acid (OCA; FW 420.63) was used as a positive control, purchased from ApexBio (Houston, TX).

Techniques:

Journal: Endocrinology

Article Title: Increased Circulating Cortisol After Vaginal Birth Is Associated With Increased FGF19 Secretion in Neonatal Pigs

doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqac188

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relative expression of bile acid transporters, FGF19 and FXR in ileal and jejunum explants. (A-H), Relative mRNA expression of FGF19, FXR, OSTA, and ASBT in jejunum and ileal tissue explants collected from cesarean-born preterm (P), cesarean-born term (T), and vaginally born term (V) pigs, and treated with DMSO (CTL), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and obeticholic acid (OCA). (Preterm n = 8 pigs, Term n = 8 pigs, Vaginal n = 8 pigs). Data are shown as means ± SE. *P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 ***P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Three explants per pig were treated with 100 μM chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), 15 μM obeticholic acid (OCA, MedKoo Biosciences), or 15 μM dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (CTL) and incubated at 37 °C for 2, 4, or 6 hours.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Endocrinology

Article Title: Increased Circulating Cortisol After Vaginal Birth Is Associated With Increased FGF19 Secretion in Neonatal Pigs

doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqac188

Figure Lengend Snippet: Plasma hormone levels and correlation with FGF19. (A-E), Plasma level of cortisol, prostaglandin, estradiol, oxytocin, and progesterone in preterm, term, and vaginally born pigs at birth (preterm n = 18; term n = 18; vaginal n = 14). F, Correlation between plasma FGF19 at birth with plasma cortisol at birth (preterm n = 18; term n = 18; vaginal n = 14; r = 0.5793; P < 0.001). G, FGF19 mRNA expression in preterm ileal tissue explants treated with DMSO (CTL, n = 6), obeticholic acid (OCA n = 6), and dexamethasone (DEX, n = 6). H, FGF19 mRNA expression in preterm jejunum tissue explants treated with DMSO (CTL, n = 6), obeticholic acid (OCA n = 6), and dexamethasone (DEX, n = 6). I, FGF19 protein in media from jejunum porcine explants incubated with DMSO (CTL, n = 6), obeticholic acid (OCA n = 6), and dexamethasone (DEX, n = 6). J, FGF19 protein in media from ileal porcine tissue incubated with DMSO (CTL, n = 6), obeticholic acid (OCA n = 6), and dexamethasone (DEX, n = 6). K, FGF19 expression in adult human ileal enteroids grown in monolayer, and treated with DMSO (CTL, n = 12 wells), obeticholic acid (OCA, n = 12 wells), and 1 μMol dexamethasone (DEX, n = 12 wells). (L) FGF19 protein secreted into media by human ileal enteroids in monolayer DMSO (CTL, n = 12 wells), obeticholic acid (OCA, n = 12 wells), and 1 μMol dexamethasone (DEX, n = 12 wells). Data are shown as means ± SE. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Three explants per pig were treated with 100 μM chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), 15 μM obeticholic acid (OCA, MedKoo Biosciences), or 15 μM dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (CTL) and incubated at 37 °C for 2, 4, or 6 hours.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Expressing, Incubation